勞務公司在試用期內解除勞動合同是否需要理由？

根據《勞動合同法》規定，在試用期，除勞動者有本法第三十九條和第四十條第一項、第二項規定的情形外，勞務公司不(bu)(bu)得解(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)在試用(yong)期內(nei)解(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)，應當(dang)向勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者說(shuo)明理(li)由。可見，試用(yong)期內(nei)，如果(guo)用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)解(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，除(chu)(chu)(chu)非勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者存在該法(fa)(fa)第三十(shi)九條(tiao)(tiao)和第四十(shi)條(tiao)(tiao)第一(yi)項(xiang)、第二(er)項(xiang)規(gui)定的(de)(de)情形外(wai)，否則，用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)需承擔(dan)因違法(fa)(fa)解(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)所帶(dai)來的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)律后(hou)果(guo)，即(ji)：勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者要(yao)求繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)履(lv)(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)，用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)應當(dang)繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)履(lv)(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing);勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者不(bu)(bu)要(yao)求繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)履(lv)(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)或者勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)已經(jing)不(bu)(bu)能繼(ji)(ji)續(xu)履(lv)(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)，用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)應當(dang)按照經(jing)濟(ji)補償金的(de)(de)二(er)倍標準向勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)者支付賠償金。

值得注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)是，在(zai)試用(yong)期(qi)內(nei)，用(yong)人(ren)單位也應當對勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)的(de)錄(lu)用(yong)條件、崗位職責(ze)以及試用(yong)期(qi)內(nei)解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)動(dong)關系等情形(xing)作出明確(que)約定(ding)，避免因用(yong)人(ren)單位在(zai)試用(yong)期(qi)內(nei)對勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同而發生爭議。另外，用(yong)人(ren)單位以書(shu)面形(xing)式向(xiang)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)送達(da)《解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同通知(zhi)書(shu)》的(de)同時，應向(xiang)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)出具解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同證明，并在(zai)十五日內(nei)為勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)辦(ban)理檔案和(he)社會保險轉移手續。

2009年5月15日(ri)，某(mou)信(xin)息技(ji)術(shu)有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)通(tong)過(guo)招(zhao)聘方式錄(lu)用(yong)了汪(wang)某(mou)為(wei)該公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)翻譯人員，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合同約定固(gu)定工資6000元/月，聘用(yong)期為(wei)三年，其中試(shi)用(yong)期為(wei)5個月。2009年7月15日(ri)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)向汪(wang)某(mou)出具了《辭退(tui)員工通(tong)知書》，理由(you)為(wei)“由(you)于汪(wang)某(mou)在試(shi)用(yong)期內不(bu)(bu)能勝(sheng)任工作，同時所在部門對其整體(ti)反(fan)映比較差，缺乏(fa)團隊合作精神(shen)，因(yin)此公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)認(ren)為(wei)汪(wang)某(mou)不(bu)(bu)符合錄(lu)用(yong)條件，決定即日(ri)解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關系。”汪(wang)某(mou)認(ren)為(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)系違法解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)合同，委托律師提(ti)起勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)爭議仲(zhong)(zhong)裁申(shen)請，要求公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)撤(che)銷解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關系的(de)決定，恢(hui)復勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關系，并支付恢(hui)復勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)關系期間的(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)報酬(chou)。結果是勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)爭議仲(zhong)(zhong)裁委支持了汪(wang)某(mou)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁請求。

案例點(dian)評：試用(yong)(yong)期是(shi)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位和勞(lao)(lao)動者相互了解(jie)、相互考察的期限。本(ben)案中，公(gong)司(si)以汪(wang)(wang)某在(zai)試用(yong)(yong)期內不(bu)(bu)(bu)能勝(sheng)任(ren)工(gong)(gong)作、整(zheng)體反映比較差(cha)、缺(que)乏(fa)團(tuan)隊(dui)合(he)(he)作精(jing)神為(wei)由解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)(lao)動合(he)(he)同，但是(shi)在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)動合(he)(he)同中對于試用(yong)(yong)期的錄(lu)用(yong)(yong)、考核及解(jie)除(chu)等標準(zhun)和條件(jian)都沒有明確(que)約定，因此在(zai)是(shi)否錄(lu)用(yong)(yong)產生爭議(yi)時，公(gong)司(si)關于汪(wang)(wang)某不(bu)(bu)(bu)能勝(sheng)任(ren)工(gong)(gong)作、不(bu)(bu)(bu)符合(he)(he)錄(lu)用(yong)(yong)條件(jian)的理(li)由也就缺(que)乏(fa)事(shi)實依(yi)據。另(ling)外，根(gen)據《勞(lao)(lao)動合(he)(he)同法》第四十(shi)條(二(er))項的規定，只(zhi)有在(zai)“勞(lao)(lao)動者不(bu)(bu)(bu)能勝(sheng)任(ren)工(gong)(gong)作，經過培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)或者調(diao)整(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作崗(gang)位，仍不(bu)(bu)(bu)能勝(sheng)任(ren)工(gong)(gong)作的”，才可以依(yi)法解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)(lao)動合(he)(he)同。而本(ben)案中，公(gong)司(si)在(zai)向汪(wang)(wang)某發出《辭(ci)退員工(gong)(gong)通知(zhi)書》時并不(bu)(bu)(bu)具備“經過培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)或者調(diao)整(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作崗(gang)位，仍不(bu)(bu)(bu)能勝(sheng)任(ren)工(gong)(gong)作的”法定情形，所以其解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)(lao)動合(he)(he)同的行為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)符合(he)(he)法律規定。