工期(qi)延(yan)(yan)(yan)誤(wu)是(shi)指工程的實際進(jin)度落(luo)后于(yu)(yu)計劃進(jin)度的倩(qian)況。《合同法》第二百八十三條規定(ding):“發(fa)包(bao)(bao)(bao)人未按(an)照約定(ding)的時間和要求(qiu)(qiu)提(ti)供原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)材(cai)料、設(she)備、場(chang)地、資金、技術資料的，承包(bao)(bao)(bao)人可以順延(yan)(yan)(yan)工程日期(qi)，并有權要求(qiu)(qiu)賠(pei)償停工、窩工等損失。”根(gen)據(ju)該條規定(ding)和公平原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則，勞(lao)務(wu)(wu)分包(bao)(bao)(bao)合同一般會約定(ding):由于(yu)(yu)建設(she)單位、勞(lao)務(wu)(wu)作業發(fa)包(bao)(bao)(bao)人原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因造成(cheng)的工期(qi)延(yan)(yan)(yan)誤(wu)和不可抗(kang)力(li)造成(cheng)的工期(qi)延(yan)(yan)(yan)誤(wu)應當順延(yan)(yan)(yan).即使(shi)合同沒有此類約定(ding)，對于(yu)(yu)建設(she)單位、勞(lao)務(wu)(wu)作業發(fa)包(bao)(bao)(bao)人原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因及不可抗(kang)力(li)造成(cheng)的工期(qi)延(yan)(yan)(yan)誤(wu)，勞(lao)務(wu)(wu)作業承包(bao)(bao)(bao)人也(ye)可以根(gen)據(ju)上(shang)述(shu)法律規定(ding)主張(zhang)工期(qi)順延(yan)(yan)(yan)。

　　在以工期索賠為主的建筑勞務分包合同(tong)糾紛中，勞(lao)(lao)務作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)承包(bao)人(ren)(ren)一(yi)般(ban)會主張(zhang)工(gong)(gong)期應(ying)(ying)予順(shun)延，勞(lao)(lao)務作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)包(bao)人(ren)(ren)一(yi)般(ban)主張(zhang)期不(bu)應(ying)(ying)順(shun)延;在此等情況下，勞(lao)(lao)務作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)承包(bao)人(ren)(ren)承擔舉(ju)證責(ze)任，勞(lao)(lao)務作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)承包(bao)人(ren)(ren)必須(xu)證明(ming)存在導致(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)順(shun)延的事實，如果勞(lao)(lao)務作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)承包(bao)人(ren)(ren)無法證明(ming)，則工(gong)(gong)期不(bu)順(shun)延。工(gong)(gong)期可順(shun)延的情況一(yi)般(ban)包(bao)括:

　　(1)勞務作(zuo)業(ye)發包(bao)人原因造成的工期延誤

　　1)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)遲(chi)(chi)延(yan)(yan)支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)預付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)或(huo)(huo)進度款(kuan)導致勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)無(wu)法(fa)繼續(xu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。如果(guo)發(fa)生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)遲(chi)(chi)延(yan)(yan)付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)且(qie)經催告仍不支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況，且(qie)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)同沒有特別約定，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有權停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong);因(yin)此(ci)造成工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)延(yan)(yan)誤的(de)(de)，停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)間給予順(shun)延(yan)(yan)。如果(guo)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)并(bing)沒有因(yin)為勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)遲(chi)(chi)延(yan)(yan)付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)而停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，那么工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)能否順(shun)延(yan)(yan)?我們認為只(zhi)要勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)存在部分停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況就應該順(shun)延(yan)(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi).因(yin)為勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在明知遲(chi)(chi)延(yan)(yan)付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)將會(hui)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程建設(she)造成不利(li)影響的(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況下仍然遲(chi)(chi)延(yan)(yan)付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)，且(qie)發(fa)生了勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)(huo)部分停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)實際不利(li)后果(guo)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)作(zuo)業(ye)發(fa)包(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)應對(dui)停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)(huo)部分停(ting)(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)承(cheng)擔責(ze)任;故工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)應予以順(shun)延(yan)(yan)。

　　2)勞務作業發包人遲延提供施工條件，包括勞務作業發包人未按合同約定時間提供施工圖紙、施工場地、工程地質和地下管線等相關技術資料，導致勞務作業承包人無法施工。在上述情況下，開工日期從勞務作業發包人提供滿足施工要求的施工條件之日起開始計算。
 

　　3)勞(lao)務作業(ye)發(fa)包人提供的(de)施工(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)地(di)質和地(di)下管(guan)線(xian)等(deng)相關技術資料(liao)錯誤，造成(cheng)勞(lao)務作業(ye)承(cheng)包人停工(gong)(gong)、窩工(gong)(gong)、返工(gong)(gong)。在此(ci)等(deng)情況下，勞(lao)務作業(ye)承(cheng)包人停工(gong)(gong)、窩工(gong)(gong)、返工(gong)(gong)的(de)期間應(ying)予順延。

　　4)勞(lao)務作業發包人未(wei)按合(he)同(tong)約定提供符合(he)要求的材(cai)料、設(she)備，包括(kuo)未(wei)按時提供材(cai)料設(she)備.或所提供材(cai)料、設(she)備的質量、數量與合(he)同(tong)約定不(bu)符。在(zai)上述情(qing)況下，勞(lao)務作業發包人遲延供貨的期間應予順延。

　　5)建(jian)設單位或監(jian)理人指示延誤(wu)或錯(cuo)誤(wu)，造成勞(lao)務(wu)作業(ye)承包人停工(gong)(gong)、窩(wo)工(gong)(gong)、返(fan)工(gong)(gong)。在此等情況(kuang)下，勞(lao)務(wu)作業(ye)承包人停工(gong)(gong)、窩(wo)工(gong)(gong)、返(fan)工(gong)(gong)的(de)期間應予順(shun)延。

　　(2)建設單(dan)位應承擔(dan)的風險

　　建設(she)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)應承擔(dan)的風險是指(zhi)非建設(she)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)原因造成的應由(you)建設(she)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)承擔(dan)工(gong)期損失的風險。一般(ban)來說，建設(she)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)應承擔(dan)的風險主要包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)文物(wu)和地下障礙物(wu)、古樹名木、不利地卞條件、指(zhi)定分包(bao)(bao)遲延及擾民民擾。

　　1)不利(li)(li)地(di)下條(tiao)件是(shi)指承包(bao)(bao)人不能預(yu)見的(de)對施工不利(li)(li)的(de)水文(wen)、地(di)質等地(di)下條(tiao)件。不論施工中(zhong)出現的(de)不利(li)(li)地(di)下條(tiao)件是(shi)招標文(wen)件、施工圖紙和地(di)質勘側資料中(zhong)陳述錯(cuo)誤的(de)。還(huan)是(shi)上(shang)述文(wen)件中(zhong)沒有提(ti)及的(de)，一般都是(shi)承包(bao)(bao)人難(nan)以預(yu)料的(de)。按照公平(ping)原則(ze)和建設工程施工合同的(de)

　　承(cheng)攬性質，此類風(feng)(feng)險(xian)應(ying)屬于建設單(dan)位應(ying)承(cheng)擔的(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian);由(you)該等風(feng)(feng)險(xian)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)期延誤(wu)應(ying)予順(shun)延。

　　2)文物(wu)和地下(xia)障礙物(wu)、古(gu)樹名木情況類似于不利地下(xia)條(tiao)件。由此等原因造成的工期延誤應予順延。

　　3)指定(ding)(ding)分(fen)包(bao)遲延(yan)。一般悄況(kuang)下，施工(gong)(gong)總承(cheng)包(bao)人(ren)應(ying)對其專業(ye)分(fen)包(bao)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)分(fen)包(bao)單(dan)位的(de)行為向建(jian)設(she)單(dan)位承(cheng)擔責任。但如果專業(ye)分(fen)包(bao)單(dan)位是建(jian)設(she)單(dan)位直接指定(ding)(ding)的(de).而不是施工(gong)(gong)總承(cheng)包(bao)人(ren)自(zi)由選擇的(de)，依據《司法解(jie)釋》第十二條的(de)規定(ding)(ding)，因指定(ding)(ding)專業(ye)分(fen)包(bao)人(ren)導致(zhi)的(de)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)延(yan)誤的(de)損失應(ying)由建(jian)設(she)單(dan)位承(cheng)擔。故(gu)由于(yu)指定(ding)(ding)分(fen)包(bao)單(dan)位造成的(de)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)延(yan)誤應(ying)予順延(yan)。

　　(3)不可抗力和惡劣氣候條件

　　不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力(li)是(shi)一(yi)項公認(ren)的(de)免責(ze)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)款;指(zhi)不(bu)是(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)合同(tong)(tong)當(dang)事人(ren)的(de)過失或疏忽(hu)，而是(shi)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)生了(le)合同(tong)(tong)當(dang)事人(ren)在簽訂合同(tong)(tong)時無(wu)法(fa)頂見、無(wu)法(fa)預防、無(wu)法(fa)避免和無(wu)法(fa)控(kong)制的(de)事件(jian)，以致不(bu)能(neng)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)或不(bu)能(neng)如(ru)期(qi)(qi)(qi)履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)合同(tong)(tong)，發(fa)生怠外事件(jian)的(de)一(yi)方(fang)可(ke)以免除履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)合同(tong)(tong)的(de)責(ze)任或者推遲履(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)合同(tong)(tong)。《中華人(ren)民(min)共和國民(min)法(fa)通則(ze)(ze)》將不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力(li)定義(yi)為(wei)“不(bu)能(neng)預見、不(bu)能(neng)避免和不(bu)能(neng)克(ke)服的(de)客觀(guan)情況”。不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力(li)通常(chang)被認(ren)為(wei)包(bao)括自(zi)然(ran)現象和社會現象兩(liang)種，自(zi)然(ran)現象諸如(ru)地展(zhan)、臺風(feng)、洪(hong)水、海(hai)嘯，社會現象如(ru)戰(zhan)爭、海(hai)盜、罷工(gong)(gong)、政府行(xing)(xing)為(wei)等.由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力(li)造成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)延(yan)誤理所當(dang)然(ran)可(ke)以順(shun)延(yan)。惡(e)劣(lie)(lie)氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)是(shi)指(zhi)尚未達到不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力(li)的(de)程(cheng)度(du)但是(shi)已經嚴重影(ying)響了(le)勞務作業(ye)承包(bao)人(ren)的(de)正常(chang)施工(gong)(gong)的(de)氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)。對于(yu)(yu)(yu)惡(e)劣(lie)(lie)氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)造成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)延(yan)誤能(neng)否順(shun)延(yan)這(zhe)一(yi)問題，業(ye)內一(yi)直存在不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)認(ren)識(shi).從國際工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)慣例來看，一(yi)般認(ren)為(wei)惡(e)劣(lie)(lie)氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)建設(she)單位(wei)(wei)應承擔(dan)的(de)風(feng)險.我(wo)們認(ren)為(wei)在我(wo)國目前的(de)市(shi)場競爭條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)下(xia).從公平原則(ze)(ze)出發(fa)考(kao)慮。應將惡(e)劣(lie)(lie)氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)納人(ren)建設(she)單位(wei)(wei)承擔(dan)的(de)風(feng)險中.即由(you)惡(e)劣(lie)(lie)氣候(hou)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)造成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)延(yan)誤應給予順(shun)延(yan)。