(一)勞務企(qi)業的(de)發展方向

　　建筑勞務公司應當按照“建筑(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)法(fa)人(ren)化、建筑(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)管理實體(ti)化、勞動用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)完推合(he)同化、務工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)產業(ye)化”的思路(lu)向(xiang)前(qian)發展(zhan)，相(xiang)關(guan)各方需要加大政策支持和發展(zhan)導向(xiang)，善(shan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程分包體(ti)系，貫徹勞動合(he)同法(fa)，打(da)造新(xin)型建筑(zhu)產業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)隊伍;推進信用(yong)(yong)體(ti)系建設(she)，進行(xing)業(ye)自(zi)律了規范企(qi)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)行(xing)為(wei)，引(yin)導建筑(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)健(jian)康發展(zhan)。

　　(二)推動(dong)勞務企業發(fa)展(zhan)的政策措施

　　1.總(zong)承包企業應當支持勞(lao)務企業法人化實體化發展

　　在“十二五n時期(qi)，成建(jian)制用工(gong)(gong)(gong)仍(reng)然是(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)的(de)主要用工(gong)(gong)(gong)形式，在較長(chang)的(de)時期(qi)內總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)以自有(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)為主體尚不(bu)具備條件。因此目前仍(reng)然要走長(chang)期(qi)穩(wen)定(ding)合(he)作的(de)緊密(mi)型“兩層結合(he)”用工(gong)(gong)(gong)模式，建(jian)立勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)與(yu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)長(chang)期(qi)穩(wen)定(ding)合(he)作的(de)關(guan)系，每個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)公司、甚至每個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)項(xiang)目部都應(ying)當(dang)建(jian)立自己的(de)一批“主打隊(dui)伍(wu)”。做到總(zong)(zong)(zong)包(bao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)走到哪，都有(you)一批信得過(guo)的(de)勞(lao)務(wu)作業(ye)(ye)隊(dui)伍(wu)配套(tao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，使企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)力(li)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)水(shui)平、工(gong)(gong)(gong)法操作能(neng)力(li)、管理(li)機(ji)制、管理(li)水(shui)平能(neng)夠長(chang)期(qi)穩(wen)定(ding)提升，有(you)利于企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)穩(wen)定(ding)、‘闖市場、‘樹品牌.’人(ren)。

　　’勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業與大型施工(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業建(jian)立長期(qi)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)協作關系，有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)占領(ling)市(shi)場(chang)，有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)，有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)建(jian)設一支高(gao)(gao)水平的(de)(de)建(jian)筑施工(gong)(gong)產業工(gong)(gong)人(ren)大軍，更有(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業持續發展J勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業應進一步加強與長期(qi)合(he)作的(de)(de)總(zong)承包(bao)企(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)關系，形成共同(tong)(tong)闖市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)聯合(he)體(ti)(ti)制。在(zai)長期(qi)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)合(he)作的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制下，勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業要(yao)(yao)加強管理(li)、’配備具(ju)有(you)(you)較高(gao)(gao)素質的(de)(de)公司、施工(gong)(gong)隊管理(li)人(ren)員和(he)技術(shu)人(ren)員，招(zhao)收具(ju)有(you)(you)較高(gao)(gao)技能(neng)(neng)和(he)管理(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)自(zi)有(you)(you)班(ban)組(zu)長，要(yao)(yao)解決掛靠嚴(yan)重、公司皮包(bao)化問題，全面推行實體(ti)(ti)化管理(li)。同(tong)(tong)時要(yao)(yao)保證組(zu)織招(zhao)收足夠數(shu)量的(de)(de)農民工(gong)(gong)滿足總(zong)包(bao)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)需要(yao)(yao)，穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)技術(shu)骨干工(gong)(gong)人(ren)，通過簽訂(ding)較長期(qi)勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同(tong)(tong)，適時建(jian)立社(she)會保障制度.保證工(gong)(gong)人(ren)質和(he)管理(li)水平持續提高(gao)(gao)，促使勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業健康持續發展。

　　2.完普工程分包(bao)體系

　　建(jian)立健全工程(cheng)分(fen)(fen)包(bao)體系，對于(yu)優化工程(cheng)建(jian)設領域(yu)的(de)(de)資源配置，構建(jian)總承(cheng)包(bao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)與工程(cheng)分(fen)(fen)包(bao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)相互協(xie)作、相互依存的(de)(de)產業(ye)(ye)組織結構，促進社(she)會(hui)化的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)工協(xie)作。規范(fan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)市場行為。提高工程(cheng)建(jian)設管理水平(ping)和建(jian)筑(zhu)產業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)整體素質(zhi)其有(you)重要的(de)(de)意義，也關(guan)系到如(ru)何引導建(jian)筑(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)健康(kang)發(fa)展。

　　(1)修改有關法律，擴展工(gong)程分包市場

　　一是在《建(jian)筑(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》等(deng)有關法(fa)(fa)(fa)律修改中.應考慮取消對總承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)對工(gong)程主(zhu)體分(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、工(gong)程再(zai)分(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)限制。建(jian)立專業(ye)(ye)化、多層(ceng)次(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)工(gong)程分(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)體系.以(yi)適應工(gong)程建(jian)設規(gui)(gui)律和需求(qiu)。使大(da)量以(yi)掛靠或(huo)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)形(xing)式(shi)存在的(de)(de)、掌握(wo)市(shi)場和經濟資(zi)源的(de)(de)非(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人經濟組織成為(wei)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)化的(de)(de)市(shi)場主(zhu)體，各盡(jin)所(suo)能，各得其(qi)所(suo)。當前(qian)工(gong)程建(jian)設領域(yu)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)分(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、轉包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、掛靠現象屢禁不(bu)止、愈演愈烈，手段更(geng)加隱蔽、危害更(geng)加嚴重。既(ji)有總承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)盲(mang)目(mu)(mu)追求(qiu)經營(ying)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)，轉嫁經營(ying)風險，謀求(qiu)不(bu)當利益，又有業(ye)(ye)主(zhu)以(yi)降低工(gong)程造價為(wei)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)或(huo)拘私舞(wu)弊，與(yu)非(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人實(shi)體私下交易，默許其(qi)以(yi)有相應資(zi)質企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)名義承包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)程.以(yi)及(ji)政(zheng)府部門監管(guan)不(bu)力的(de)(de)因素，也說明現行(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律規(gui)(gui)定與(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)市(shi)場環境和企(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)源配里狀況存在著尖銳的(de)(de)矛盾(dun)。從一定憊義上(shang)講，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)之間的(de)(de)多層(ceng)次(ci)(ci)分(fen)(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)行(xing)為(wei)，比實(shi)際存在的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)與(yu)非(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)人實(shi)體之間的(de)(de)工(gong)程轉包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)、層(ceng)層(ceng)掛靠行(xing)為(wei)，甲有剎(cha)干行(xing)政(zheng)公管(guan).明確(que)各奏企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)經濟責任。

　　二是(shi)需要在現行法律條(tiao)件下，更好(hao)地發揮(hui)勞(lao)務(wu)分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)的作用。勞(lao)務(wu)分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)涉及工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)主體的分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)，雖然尚未(wei)從法律上明確其在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設中的地位，但(dan)其積(ji)極作用已被社會各(ge)方面和工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設領(ling)域廣泛(fan)認同(tong).應(ying)當通(tong)過(guo)提高勞(lao)務(wu)分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)技術(shu)水(shui)平.來(lai)探(tan)索工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)主體分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)的有效方式，以(yi)及勞(lao)務(wu)分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)向工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)轉化的途(tu)徑。同(tong)時，也要防止以(yi)不同(tong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度的包(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)包(bao)(bao)(bao)料為(wei)主要特征的“擴大的勞(lao)務(wu)分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)”成為(wei)違(wei)法分(fen)包(bao)(bao)(bao)和轉包(bao)(bao)(bao)的叔體.帶(dai)來(lai)新的社會問題。

　　(2)多種方式發展建筑(zhu)勞務企業(ye)

　　一是堅持專業(ye)化、法(fa)人(ren)化的方向，合理控制(zhi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)規模(mo)。實踐證明，多(duo)工種并存(cun)，擴大隊伍(wu)規模(mo)不(bu)僅不(bu)是建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)健康發展、增加(jia)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益的有效(xiao)途徑.而且必然會導(dao)致企(qi)業(ye)層(ceng)層(ceng)掛靠，企(qi)業(ye)與務工人(ren)員勞動(dong)關系(xi)虛置。因此.要嚴格資(zi)質審批制(zhi)度，引導(dao)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)突(tu)出專業(ye)施(shi)工特(te)色、適度規模(mo)經(jing)營。對(dui)于申請多(duo)項資(zi)質的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)，除嚴查其(qi)技術工人(ren)數量(liang)和持證上(shang)崗悄況.還(huan)應(ying)適當提高注冊資(zi)本金的要求(qiu)，并增加(jia)對(dui)其(qi)管(guan)理人(ren)員的考核。對(dui)務工人(ren)員100。人(ren)以(yi)上(shang)的企(qi)業(ye)應(ying)加(jia)強(qiang)其(qi)勞動(dong)合同情況的跟蹤監管(guan)。

　　二是拓寬勞務企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)經營領域。增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)經濟實力(li)(li)和自我生存能力(li)(li)。在不違背現(xian)行法律(lv)的(de)(de)條件下，鼓勵企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)將勞務分(fen)(fen)包作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與相(xiang)關工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務的(de)(de)融合(he)，催生一批具有施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)操作技術(shu)、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)機具設備(bei)、加工(gong)(gong)(gong)制作能力(li)(li)的(de)(de)新型(xing)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)勞務分(fen)(fen)包企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。同時，具有多工(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)綜合(he)性建筑(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，應當增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)組織(zhi)設計能力(li)(li)、預算編制能力(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)協(xie)調能力(li)(li)，減輕總(zong)承(cheng)包企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)理的(de)(de)壓力(li)(li)。通過多種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式引導(dao)建筑(zhu)勞務企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)健康發展.提高其技術(shu)管(guan)理水平和智能化(hua)程(cheng)(cheng)度，逐步成為具有專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)能力(li)(li)的(de)(de)合(he)格的(de)(de)市場(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)，有利于探索(suo)科學合(he)理、責任明確的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)分(fen)(fen)包途(tu)徑和方(fang)式，實現(xian)勞務分(fen)(fen)包與專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)分(fen)(fen)包的(de)(de)融合(he)。造就專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)特色突出(chu)、精干(gan)高效的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)包企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)群體(ti)(ti)。

　　三是適(shi)度(du)發(fa)展勞(lao)務派(pai)遺(yi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，適(shi)應(ying)各類企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性的用(yong)工(gong)需求。無論承包企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)還是勞(lao)務企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，都(dou)會出(chu)現臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性勞(lao)務資源不足的問(wen)題.也(ye)都(dou)有臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性、輔(fu)助(zhu)性或者可替代性的用(yong)工(gong)需求。因此需要適(shi)度(du)發(fa)展勞(lao)務派(pai)遺(yi)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye).適(shi)應(ying)各類企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)性的用(yong)工(gong)需求。